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Chemical Sensing for Optical Communication

Alex Joe

Chemical sensing is crucial in a variety of sectors, including medicine, environmental monitoring, and industrial process control. Because of its unique ability to make spatially resolved measurements throughout the fibre, distributed fibre-optic sensing has gotten a lot of interest. The entire fibre DCS (Distributed Chemical Sensing) is a mixture of these two approaches that provides a number of benefits. Real-world applications that demand spatially dense chemical measurements may have possible answers. Encompassing a wide range of length scales this article examines the functioning principles, existing state, and future prospects as well as the current state of DCS. The fundamentals and current level of development of Fibre-Optic Chemical Sensors (FOCS) are summarised in this article. Fibres Optic Sensor (FOS) systems make advantage of Optical Fibres (OF) ability to guide light in the spectral range from Ultraviolet (UV) (180 nm) to middle Infrared (IR) (10 µm), as well as modulation of guided light by characteristics of the OF core's surrounding environment. Measurement in combustible and explosive conditions, immunity to electrical disturbances, compactness, geometrical flexibility, measurement of small sample volumes, remote sensing in inaccessible sites or harsh environments, and multi-sensing are all advantages of using OF in sensor systems.