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Effect of Booster Disinfection on Water Quality Behaviour in Distribution Networks

P.Sivakumar, R.K.Prasad, S.Chandramouli

The analysis of hydraulic behaviour of water distribution networks (WDNs) is prime part of the planning and augmentation of any water supply projects. In addition to the hydraulic behaviour, water quality analysis is also essential to safeguard the consumer from the water-borne diseases. The quality of water varies from the treatment plant to the consumer’s tap due to physical, chemical and biological phenomena. Due to low cost and effectiveness, chlorine is a chemical choice as disinfectant in many countries including India. Chlorine residuals decreases from water treatment plant to the consumer’s tap due to various reasons including bulk decay of chlorine, wall decay, coliform regrowth or potential for biofilm formation within the system. It is found that there are higher and lower residual chlorine concentrations of water to the nearby and far-off nodes respectively from the reservoir. So the booster locations are identified and introduced to maintain the desired residual chlorine concentrations of water to all nodes and at different times. It also reduces the total amount of chlorine required for the disinfection. In this study, the amount of chlorine required for disinfecting the water supply without and with booster stations are analyzed. Incorporation of the booster station further reduces the amount of chlorine required for variable demand pattern as compared to constant demand pattern. It is found that the variable demand pattern has significant advantages over constant demand pattern.