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COVID-19: Origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus with current update

Shubham Singh*, Bhavna Sharma

An acute respiratory disorder, triggered by a novel coronavirus (SARSCoV- 2, previously identified as 2019-nCoV), the 2019 coronavirus disorder (COVID-19) has spread across China and has gained global publicity. The COVID-19 outbreak was formally proclaimed an international public health emergency by the WHO. The appearance of SARS-CoV-2, after the 2002 extreme acute coronavirus respiratory syndrome (SARSCoV) and 2012 coronavirus respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) in the Middle East. The disease is spread through inhalation or interaction with contaminated droplets and the time of incubation ranges from 2 to 14 days. The signs generally include fatigue, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, tiredness, malaise, and others. The novel coronavirus utilizes the same transmitter, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the one used by SARS-CoV, which spreads primarily across the airway. Importantly, there has been increasing evidence of sustained human-tohuman transmission, along with many cases exported across the globe. There are few specific antiviral strategies, but several potent antiviral and repurposed drug candidates are under urgent investigation. In this study, we outlined the recent medical advancement of COVID- 19's epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical features, and addressed new therapy and technological developments to counter the novel coronavirus outbreak.