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Comparison of Antimicrobial Efficacy of 0.3% Propolis, 10% Neem, 10% Triphala and 5% Sodium hypochlorite on Candida albicans and E. faecalis Biofilm formed on Root Dentin: An in��?Vitro Study

Jyothi KN, Akshay Gopal

Introduction: Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis are the most common organisms isolated from failed endodontic cases. The constant increase in antibiotic resistance strains and side-effect caused by synthetic drugs used for canal disinfection has prompted researches to look for herbal or other natural alternatives. Objective: To assess and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of 0.3% propolis, 10% neem, 10% triphala and 5% sodium hypochlorite as root canal irrigants against Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. Materials and Methods: 50 Extracted human mandibular premolars were biomechanically prepared, vertically sectioned, placed in tissue culture wells exposing the root canal surface to Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis grown on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and Brain Heart Infusion broth respectively to form a biofilm. At the end of 2 weeks the specimens were randomly distributed to 4 groups with 10 specimens in each experimental group and 5 specimens in control groups. The specimens in the experimental groups were treated with 5 ml of test solutions for 10 minutes and then the dentin on the root canal portion was scraped and inoculated on respective culture media and incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. The number of colonies formed was counted with digital method and the data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis using one way ANOVA followed by post hoc test. Results: Significant reduction in the microbial count was observed with the experimental groups compared to the control group with p value <0.001. Group wise comparison showed no difference between Neem, Triphala and Sodium hypochlorite against C. albicans whereas Propolis showed less antimicrobial activity. For E. faecalis there was no statically significant difference between Triphala & Sodium hypochlorite whereas Propolis was less effective and Neem was not effective. Conclusion: Triphala and NaOCl show best antimicrobial activity against both Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis, whereas Neem is effective against C. albicans and Propolis against E. faecalis.