JK Lalla, Sunita Ogale, and Shraddha Seth
Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are acute febrile diseases, found in the tropics, with a geographical spread similar to malaria.Caused by one of four closely related virus serotypes of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae, each serotype is sufficiently different that there is no cross-protection and epidemics caused by multiple serotypes (hyperendemicity) can occur. It is transmitted to humans by the mosquito. The incidence of dengue has grown dramatically around the world in recent decades. Over 2.5 billion people – over 40% of the world's population – are now at risk from dengue. WHO currently estimates there may be 50–100 million dengue infections worldwide every year.The rapidly expanding global footprint of Dengue is a public health challenge with an economic burden that is currently unmet by licensed vaccines,specific therapeutic agents or vector control strategies. This review highlights current understanding of dengue, including its clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnostic tests, its management & prevention.
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